Na Emily Chow, Dominique Patton
Pekin (Reuters) - Ubushinwa burimo gushyiraho gahunda yo kwishyiriraho ibiciro kugira ngo igabanye ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bya fosifeti, igice cy’ingenzi cy’ifumbire mvaruganda, mu gice cya kabiri cy’uyu mwaka, abasesenguzi bavuze ko bakurikije amakuru yatanzwe n’abakora fosifate nini mu gihugu.
Igipimo cyashyizwe munsi y’umwaka ushize cyoherezwa mu mahanga, cyagura uruhare rw’Ubushinwa ku isoko kugira ngo gikingire ibicuruzwa by’imbere mu gihugu kandi birinde umutekano w’ibiribwa mu gihe ibiciro by’ifumbire ku isi biri hafi kuzamuka cyane.
Mu Kwakira gushize, Ubushinwa nabwo bwahagaritse ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga hashyirwaho icyifuzo gishya cy’icyemezo cy’ubugenzuzi cyo kohereza ifumbire n’ibikoresho bifitanye isano, bigira uruhare runini mu gutanga isoko ku isi.
Ibiciro by'ifumbire byatewe inkunga n’ibihano byafatiwe mu nganda zikomeye Biyelorusiya n’Uburusiya, mu gihe izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibinyampeke ryongera ingufu za fosifate n’izindi ntungamubiri z’ibihingwa bituruka ku bahinzi ku isi.
Ubushinwa nicyo gihugu cyohereza ibicuruzwa bya fosifeti nini ku isi, byohereje toni miliyoni 10 umwaka ushize, cyangwa hafi 30% y’ubucuruzi bw’isi yose. Abaguzi bayo ba mbere ni Ubuhinde, Pakisitani na Bangladesh, nk'uko amakuru ya gasutamo abashinwa abitangaza.
Gavin Ju, impuguke mu ifumbire mvaruganda mu Bushinwa mu itsinda rya CRU, yatangaje ko Ubushinwa busa nkaho bwatanze ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga kuri toni zisaga miliyoni 3 gusa za fosifate ku bicuruzwa mu gice cya kabiri cy’uyu mwaka, guhera mu mpera za Kamena.
Ibyo bizagabanukaho 45% bivuye mubushinwa bwoherejwe na toni miliyoni 5.5 mugihe kimwe cyumwaka ushize.
Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura, ikigo gikomeye cy’igihugu gishinzwe igenamigambi ry’igihugu cy’Ubushinwa, nticyigeze gisubiza icyifuzo gisaba ibisobanuro ku itangwa ry’imigabane yatanzwe, kikaba kitaratangazwa ku mugaragaro.
Abashoramari ba mbere ba fosifate Yunnan Yuntianhua, Itsinda ry’imiti rya Hubei Xingfa hamwe n’itsinda rya Leta rya Guizhou Phosphate Chemical (GPCG) ntibitabye telefoni cyangwa banga kugira icyo batangaza ubwo babonanaga na Reuters.
Abasesenguzi ba S&P Global Commodity Insights bavuze ko bategereje kandi igipimo cya toni zigera kuri miliyoni 3 mu gice cya kabiri.
(Igishushanyo: Ubushinwa ibicuruzwa byose byoherezwa mu mahanga byavuguruwe,)
Abasesenguzi bavuze ko nubwo Ubushinwa bwashyizeho imisoro ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihe cyashize, ingamba ziheruka zigaragaza ko yakoresheje bwa mbere ibyemezo by’ubugenzuzi ndetse n’ibipimo byoherezwa mu mahanga.
Abandi bakora fosifate, nka fosifate ya diammonium ikoreshwa cyane (DAP), barimo Maroc, Amerika, Uburusiya na Arabiya Sawudite.
Izamuka ry’ibiciro mu mwaka ushize ryateje impungenge Beijing, ikeneye kwishingira umutekano w’ibiribwa ku baturage bayo miliyari 1.4 nubwo amafaranga yose yinjira mu murima yiyongera.
Ibiciro by’imbere mu Bushinwa bikomeje kugabanuka cyane ku biciro by’isi, ariko, kuri ubu biri hafi $ 300 munsi y’amadolari 1.000 kuri toni yavuzwe muri Berezile, bigatuma ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.
Ubushinwa bwohereza mu mahanga fosifate bwazamutse mu gice cya mbere cya 2021 mbere yo kugabanuka mu Gushyingo, nyuma yo gutanga ibyangombwa byo kugenzura.
DAP na monoammonium fosifate byoherezwa mu mezi atanu ya mbere yuyu mwaka byose hamwe byari toni miliyoni 2.3, bikamanuka 20% ugereranije n’umwaka ushize.
(Igishushanyo: Isoko rya mbere rya DAP ryohereza ibicuruzwa hanze,)
Abasesenguzi bavuze ko ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bizashyigikira ibiciro biri hejuru ku isi, nubwo bipima ibisabwa kandi byohereze abaguzi bashaka ubundi buryo.
Abaguzi ba mbere mu Buhinde baherutse gukumira ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga byemerewe kwishyura DAP ku madorari 920 kuri toni, kandi icyifuzo cya Pakisitani nacyo kikaba cyaracecetse kubera ibiciro biri hejuru, nk'uko S&P Global Commodity Insights yabitangaje.
N’ubwo ibiciro byagabanutseho gato mu byumweru bishize kubera ko isoko rihuye n’ingaruka z’ikibazo cya Ukraine, bari kugabanuka cyane iyo bitaba ibyo mu Bushinwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, nk'uko Glen Kurokawa, umusesenguzi wa fosifate ya CRU yabitangaje.
Ati: "Hariho andi masoko, ariko muri rusange isoko rirakomeye".
Raporo ya Emily Chow, Dominique Patton hamwe nicyumba cyamakuru cya Beijing; Guhindura by Edmund Klamann
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-20-2022