Wolemba Emily Chow, Dominique Patton
BEIJING (Reuters) - China ikupanga njira yochepetsera kutumizira kunja kwa phosphates, chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha feteleza, mu theka lachiwiri la chaka chino, akatswiri adanena, potchula zambiri kuchokera kwa omwe amapanga phosphates.
Ma quotas, omwe adakhala pansi pamiyeso yotumiza kunja kwa chaka chapitacho, akulitsa kulowererapo kwa China pamsika kuti lisabisale mitengo yapakhomo komanso kuteteza chitetezo cha chakudya pomwe mitengo ya feteleza padziko lonse lapansi ikukwera kwambiri.
Mwezi watha wa Okutobala, China idasunthiranso kuletsa kutumizira kunja pobweretsa chofunikira chatsopano cha satifiketi yoyendera kutumiza feteleza ndi zinthu zina zofananira, zomwe zimathandizira kuti padziko lonse lapansi pakhale zolimba.
Mitengo ya feteleza yalimbikitsidwa ndi zilango zomwe amalima ku Belarus ndi Russia, pomwe kukwera kwamitengo yambewu kukukulitsa kufunikira kwa phosphate ndi zakudya zina zambewu kuchokera kwa alimi padziko lonse lapansi.
China ndiye amene amatumiza phosphates padziko lonse lapansi, akutumiza matani 10 miliyoni chaka chatha, kapena pafupifupi 30% yamalonda onse apadziko lonse lapansi. Ogula ake apamwamba anali India, Pakistan ndi Bangladesh, malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha China.
China ikuwoneka kuti yapereka matani opitilira 3 miliyoni a phosphates kwa opanga theka lachiwiri la chaka chino, atero a Gavin Ju, wowunika feteleza waku China ku CRU Group, potchula zambiri kuchokera kwa opanga pafupifupi khumi ndi awiri omwe adadziwitsidwa ndi maboma am'deralo. kuyambira kumapeto kwa June.
Izi zitha kukhala kutsika kwa 45% kuchokera ku China yomwe idatumizidwa matani 5.5 miliyoni munthawi yomweyo chaka chatha.
Bungwe la National Development and Reform Commission, bungwe lamphamvu lachitukuko cha boma ku China, silinayankhe pempho loti lipereke ndemanga pa magawo ake a magawo, omwe sanalengezedwe poyera.
Opanga ma phosphates apamwamba a Yunnan Yuntianhua, Hubei Xingfa Chemical Group ndi gulu la boma la Guizhou Phosphate Chemical Group (GPCG) sanayankhe mafoni kapena kukana kuyankha atalumikizidwa ndi Reuters.
Ofufuza a S&P Global Commodity Insights ati akuyembekezeranso kuchuluka kwa matani pafupifupi 3 miliyoni mu theka lachiwiri.
(Zithunzi: China chonse cha phosphate chimatumizidwa kunja,)
Ngakhale China idapereka ndalama zotumizira feteleza m'mbuyomu, njira zaposachedwa zikuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwake ziphaso zoyendera ndi magawo otumiza kunja, ofufuza adatero.
Enanso opanga ma phosphates, monga omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi diamondi phosphate (DAP), akuphatikizapo Morocco, United States, Russia ndi Saudia Arabia.
Kukwera kwamitengo mchaka chatha kwadzetsa nkhawa ku Beijing, yomwe ikuyenera kutsimikizira chitetezo cha chakudya kwa anthu ake 1.4 biliyoni ngakhale ndalama zonse zaulimi zikukwera.
Mitengo yapakhomo yaku China imakhalabe yotsika mtengo kwambiri pamitengo yapadziko lonse lapansi, komabe, ndipo pano ili pafupifupi $300 pansi pa $1,000 pa tani yotchulidwa ku Brazil, kulimbikitsa zotumiza kunja.
Kutumiza kwa phosphate ku China kudakwera theka loyamba la 2021 asanatsike mu Novembala, pambuyo poti kufunikira kwa ziphaso zoyendera kudakhazikitsidwa.
DAP ndi monoammonium phosphate zotumizidwa kunja m’miyezi isanu yoyambirira ya chaka chino zidakwana matani 2.3 miliyoni, kutsika ndi 20% kuchokera chaka chapitacho.
(Zithunzi: Misika yapamwamba kwambiri yaku China ya DAP, )
Zoletsa zogulitsa kunja zithandizira mitengo yapamwamba yapadziko lonse lapansi, ngakhale pomwe ikulemera pakufunika ndikutumiza ogula kufunafuna njira zina, akatswiri adatero.
Ogula kwambiri ku India posachedwapa adalemba kuti ogulitsa mitengo amaloledwa kulipira DAP pa $ 920 pa tani, ndipo zofuna zochokera ku Pakistan zimasinthidwanso chifukwa cha mitengo yokwera, inatero S&P Global Commodity Insights.
Ngakhale mitengo yatsika pang'ono m'masabata aposachedwa pomwe msika umagwirizana ndi zovuta zomwe zidachitika ku Ukraine, zikadatsika kwambiri ngati sikunali ku China kugulitsa kunja, adatero Glen Kurokawa, katswiri wa CRU phosphates.
"Pali magwero ena, koma nthawi zambiri msika ndi wothina," adatero.
Malipoti a Emily Chow, Dominique Patton ndi Beijing; Adasinthidwa ndi Edmund Klamann
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-20-2022